Technology   Chlorella Nutrients and Functions

Chlorella

Chlorophyta, Chlorella.

Chlorella cells are rich in protein, essential amino acids, polysaccharides, pigments, fatty acids, and a variety of vitamins, minerals and other nutrients, with comprehensive and balanced nutritional value and health care functions.

1. Protein and amino acids

The protein content in Chlorella cells can reach 55% to 65%, which is a rich source of single-cell protein, and can be used as a protein nutrition fortifier in the food industry. The nutritional value of food protein is not only determined by the level of protein content, but also closely related to the types of amino acids in it. Studies have shown that there are as many as 18 kinds of amino acids in Chlorella, with the highest content of glutamic acid, aspartic acid and leucine, of which the content of essential amino acids accounts for 42% of the total amino acid content and 20% of the dry cell weight. above. In addition, chlorella protein also has the effect of scavenging superoxide anion free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals and improving immunity. Chlorella protein is an immune activator, and its anti-tumor mechanism may be inhibiting the mutagenicity and genotoxicity of carcinogens, proliferating nucleated cells, acting together with the host or receptors, through antigen-specific immunity, and making T cells proliferate and activation, etc.

2. Polysaccharides

The content of polysaccharides in Chlorella is second only to protein, about 25% to 35% of the dry cell weight, depending on the algal strain and culture method. Chlorella polysaccharides have a variety of biological activities such as regulating immunity, anti-tumor, anti-virus and anti-radiation, reducing the toxicity of heavy metals such as copper ions to the body. It is generally believed that Chlorella polysaccharides can enhance the immunity of the body by promoting the production of cytokines, increasing the expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and co-stimulatory molecules of macrophages, and enhancing the phagocytic function of macrophages.

3. Polyunsaturated fatty acids

Chlorella will accumulate a large amount of fatty acids under conditions of high light and nitrogen deficiency, among which the content of unsaturated fatty acids is very rich. Polyunsaturated fatty acids have the functions of regulating blood lipids, reducing blood viscosity, and improving collective immunity. The types and contents of fatty acids in different Chlorella strains are slightly different, and the culture method also affects the content and composition of fatty acids in cells. The research conducted nutritional analysis on Chlorella  sorokinianaC74 and found that its unsaturated fatty acid content was as high as 72% of the total fatty acid, and the content of linoleic acid and linolenic acid was the most, which were 22.73% and 14.87% respectively. Linoleic acid, linolenic acid and EPA are omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids commonly used by the human body, which cannot be synthesized in the human body and must be supplemented through food intake. Therefore, Chlorella can be used in food as a source of human polyunsaturated fatty acids.

4. Pigments, vitamins, etc.

Chlorella cells contain chlorophyll, lutein, β-carotene and other pigments. Chlorophyll has the function of adsorbing toxins and eliminating chemical toxins and heavy metals in the body. It can be used to remove harmful substances in the blood of the intestines, kidneys and lungs, and can effectively protect important detoxification organs such as the liver and kidneys. Both lutein and beta-carotene have strong antioxidant capacity, which can effectively remove various free radicals produced by the body's metabolism. Among them, lutein has good effects in protecting eyesight, preventing and treating chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis and diabetic retinopathy. β-Carotene can not only prevent the aging of the body and various degenerative diseases caused by aging, but also is an indirect source of vitamin A, which is of great significance for preventing night blindness. Chlorella cells contain vitamin B1, vitamin B3, vitamin C and other vitamins. Vitamin C And vitamin E has strong antioxidant capacity, has the effect of improving immunity and beauty.

5. Chlorella growth factor

Chlorella growth factor (CGF) is a hot water extract of Chlorella, the main components are protein, amino acids, polysaccharides, vitamins, etc. It has a remarkable function of promoting cell growth and can make lactic acid bacteria multiply by 4 times. In addition, CGF also has the functions of activating lymphocytes, enhancing immunity, promoting wound healing, and preventing gastric ulcer, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Its application prospect in health food is very promising.

R&D Center: Ma Qingbin

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