Development and utilization of preservation technology of ultra-dry seeds

Suaeda chinensis is an annual plant, and its seed preservation technology is relatively mature, and its preservation temperature and humidity have been reported in early studies. However, in the previous experiment, it was found that the germination rate and activity of second-year-old seeds were greatly reduced or even eliminated. Therefore, the idea of developing a new seed preservation technology to improve the service life of Suaeda serrata seeds came to mind. After literature search, it was found that, Ultra-dry seed preparation perfectly addresses this concern.

It is well known that the lifespan of a seed refers to the time from full maturity to the loss of viability of the seed. Due to the differences in the genetic basis between cultivars, the lifespan of seeds varies widely. As early as 1908, Ewart divided seeds into 3 types according to their lifespan. The short-lived seeds are only outstandingly short-lived under storage conditions that are not suitable for their survival. When the storage conditions are suitable, the seed life can be extended.

In addition to the differences in the genetic material of the seeds themselves, for the seeds of the same variety, the factors affecting the life of the seeds are mainly determined by the environmental conditions in which they are located, that is, the storage conditions of the seeds, including the water content of the seeds, temperature, gas environment, microorganisms, Radioactivity and other factors, the most important of which are the moisture content and temperature of the seeds. Ultra-dry seeds can be stored at room temperature and low water content, and can relatively prolong the storage life of seeds.

1. Preparation method of ultra-dry seeds

Dry with room temperature silica gel. The seeds are placed in nylon mesh bags and buried in silica gel in a desiccator. The weight ratio of silica gel to seeds is 100%, dehydrated and dried at room temperature, and the silica gel after being fully dried and cooled at 120°C is replaced every day, and weighed at regular intervals to prepare different contents. amount of water for the seeds. After drying to the predetermined moisture content, it is packaged in aluminum foil bags and stored at room temperature. Seed viability was determined after all seeds were dried and packaged.

2. Viability determination method

The determination of seed vigor is carried out according to the relevant regulations of "International Seed Inspection Regulations". 3 repetitions, each weighing 100 seeds, after surface disinfection with 1% sodium hypochlorite, rinsed thoroughly with distilled water, placed in a petri dish covered with filter paper, placed in a 25°C culture room for germination test, and supplemented with water every day. The end period of germination was taken as no more seeds germinating for consecutive days, and the number of germinated seeds was recorded every day.

3. Method of slow-moisture treatment before sowing of ultra-dry seeds

The seeds with different water contents were placed in nylon mesh bags, and then put into saturated calcium chloride solution, 20°C relative humidity of 35%, saturated ammonium chloride solution, 20°C relative humidity of 70%, and water relative humidity of 100%. In a desiccator in a relative humidity environment, sealed, equilibrated at room temperature for 48 hours, and carried out a step-by-step slow-humidity treatment.

Ultra-dry treatment can improve seed storage tolerance and prolong seed life. Temperature has an effect on the optimum water content of seeds for storage. At different temperatures, the optimum water content of seeds is different. The optimum water content of seeds generally decreases with the increase of temperature. It is a very necessary and crucial step to carry out slow-moisture treatment for ultra-dry seeds before germination. Slow-wetting treatment can allow water vapor to slowly enter the seeds, thereby promoting their germination. On the other hand, ultra-dry seeds absorb water and air slowly, and the cell membrane can be better repaired, so that the seeds are protected from imbibition damage and maintain a high temperature. Germination rate and viability index.

R&D Center: Zuo Bingnan

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